We use gauge-gravity duality to study the effect of corrections to the Coupling constant on equilibration time in field theory for scalar operators with Delta=2, 3. We will show that for larger correction in Coupling constant the equilibration time enhances and this behavior is independent of the method we use to make the system out of equilibrium. Interestingly we observe that for fast energy injection the rescaled equilibration time is independent of temperature of field theory.

In this paper, a new method for extending and relaxing the noise-Coupling (NC) technique is proposed to enhance the noise-shaping order without adding the number of integrators. The noise-shaping order of the introduced ∑∆ modulator whit applying a second-order noise-Coupling technique is enhanced and its performance with optimizing the noise transfer function (NTF) zeros is improved. Also, by removing the analog adder at feedforward path and transferring it to a new feedback branch before the last integrator and adding second-order NC path can be decreased the input voltage swing to the quantizer. Thus, by improving the modulator resolution, power consumption can be reduced. Mathematical analyses and behavioural simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the new NC method. To examine its performance, a 2nd-order single loop ΣΔ modulator was designed. The new noise-Coupling method is used to achieve the three-order noise shaping to increase the resolution with low complexity and low-power. The results show an outstanding improvement in signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) compared to the conventional structure.

In this paper, Density Functional Theory (DFT) was utilized for the calculation of the hyperfine Coupling constant and the g tensor alanine radicals at different crystal temperatures. The cluster approach was used for considering the effects of crystal environment. In the cluster approach, the careful selection of the cluster size is very important for the geometry structure of alanine and the EPR parameters of alanine radicals. The geometry structure of alanine and the EPR parameters of alanine radicals showed a good agreement with the experiment data when 6 alanine molecules had hydrogen bonds with the central alanine or alanine radicals. Further, bigger clusters could even lead to an incorrect description of the geometry structure of alanine and EPR parameters of alanine radicals in the condensed phase.

Density functional theory (DFT) based calculations have been performed to examine the relaxations of tautomers of 4-hydroxyl-6-methylpyridin-2(1H)-one (MPO), as a representative of pyridinone derivatives, at the fullerene (C60) surfaces. Optimized molecular properties including energies, dipole moments and atomic scale quadrupole Coupling constants (CQ) have been evaluated to investigate the structural and electronic properties of the models. The structural configurations of tautomers show different relaxations at the C60 surface yielding different magnitudes of total and binding energies. Moreover, deformation of each tautomer due to relaxation at the C60 surface with respect to the initial singular structure has been examined. Complimentary parameters of energy gaps and dipole moments exhibit the effects of relaxations at the C60 surface for the MPO counterparts. Atomic scale CQ properties also indicate that the electronic properties of atoms show significant changes for tautomers and hybrid systems. As a final note, the tautomeric structures in singular and hybrid forms exhibit different electronic properties because of effects of interactions with C60, especially for the interaction regions.

Stability of the ,p-p stacking interactions in the substituted-coronene||cyclooctatetraene complexes was studied using the computational quantum chemistry methods (where || denotes p–p stacking interaction, and substituted-coronene is coronene which substituted with four similar X groups, X=OH, SH, H, F, CN, and NO). There are meaningful correlations between changes of geometrical parameters and topological properties of the electron charge densities at ring critical points due to formation of complexes and ,-, stacking binding energies. In these complexes both electron with drawing and electron-donating substituents lead to larger binding energies compared to X=H (unsubsitituetted-coronene||cyclooctatetraene complex). This finding was interpreted on the basis of NMR data, especially spin-spin Coupling constants between C atoms of cyclooctatetraene and C atoms at central rings of substituted-coronenes. Herein, relationships between the p–p stacking binding energy (-ΔE) values and, through-space C-C spin-spin Coupling constants (JC-C) in the substitutedcoronene|| cyclooctatetraene complexes has been investigated in the complexes without direct electrostatic effects of substituents.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in graft steepness after graft refractive surgery (GRS) and to discover influential factors and a coefficient to predict the amount of postoperative shift.Methods: Keratoconic patients with history of penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) who underwent GRS due to high post-PKP astigmatism were included. Changes in mean keratometry after GRS were evaluated to find possible influential factors such as age, graft anatomical features, number of incisions, use of compression sutures, and total arc length on achieved vector astigmatic correction.Results: There was a significant increase in average keratometry by 0.86±1.07 D postoperatively (P<0.001). Mean keratometric Coupling ratio (CR) and Coupling constant (CC) were 0.62±1.09 and -0.30±0.70, respectively. A significant association was found between preoperative spherical equivalent keratometry and keratometric CR, and between achieved correction in vector keratometric astigmatism and keratometric CC. Additionally, age had a significant negative association with keratometric CR and CC.Conclusion: A significant increase in graft steepening occurred after GRS. For every diopter reduction in vector keratometric astigmatism, a mean of 0.34 D increase in graft curvature is expected postoperatively.